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Online Handwriting Fluency Test Origin

This online handwriting fluency test was first used by Søvik & Teulings (1983). Their research showed that children improved handwriting speed when they focused on improving their handwriting fluency score using exactly this test. (Søvik, N., & Teulings, H.L. (1983). Real-time feedback of handwriting in a teaching program. Acta Psychologica, 54, 285-291.)

Online Handwriting Fluency Test History

Søvik and Teulings (1983) pioneered computer-assisted handwriting instruction using a digitizer and graphics display. Software in the FORTRAN language ran on the university's mainframe computer as IBM PCs were still just introduced in 1981. Twelve 11-year old elementary-school children practiced 5-6 different writing patterns on the digitizer during six sessions on different days. Five seconds after completing a trial, the experimental group received feedback in the form of a chart showing the absolute velocity of the pen as a function of time together with a dysfluency score. The control group followed the same procedure but did not receive feedback. After 3 trials, the experimental group also received summary information in the form of absolute velocity curves of the three trials compared in one display. The pupil was taught how to interpret the curves. Progress was measured by comparing pre- and post- test results: Producing a sentence at maximum speed and a few simple writing patterns at a comfortable speed on a digitizer, and a few writing patterns accurately on paper. The paper samples were rated by three trained persons. The crucial result of this study was that fluency feedback helped improve handwriting speed without losing accuracy in the experimental group when compared to the control group. This experiment has been used as the model for our WritAlyzeR™.